Ka tlaase mona ho na le lintlha tse nang le matla bakeng sa baqolotsi ba litaba le batho ba bangata mabapi le sehlopha se secha sa ho hlahloba. Ke kakaretso e potlakileng ho blog ya.
Ka la 18 Phuptjane 2018, bangoli ba Mokhatlo oa Lefatše oa Bophelo ba Tlhophiso ea Machaba ea Maloetse, 11th Ntlafatso, hlahisa phatlalatso e phatlalatsang hore mofuta oa ts'ebetsong oa ICD-11 o tlang o se o fumaneha marang-rang. E ne e kenyelletsa Compulsive Sexual Behaeve Disorder (CSBD) ka lekhetlo la pele. Leha ho na le menyenyetsi e fokolang e khelosang ho fapana le hoo, ha se 'nete hore WHO e hanne "bokhoba ba litšoantšo tsa bootsoa" kapa "bokhoba ba thobalano".
Boitšoaro bo qobelloang ba thobalano bo 'nile ba bitsoa ka mabitso a fapaneng ho theosa le lilemo: "bosodoma", "bokhoba ba thobalano", "bokhoba ba thobalano", "boitšoaro bo hlephileng ba thobalano" joalo-joalo. Lethathamong la eona la morao-rao la maloetse WHO e nka mohato oa ho tiisa lefu lena ka ho amohela "Compulsive Sexual Behaeve Disorder" (CSBD) e le bokuli ba kelello. Ho ea ka setsebi sa WHO, Geoffrey Reed, tlhahlobo e ncha ea CSBD "e tsebisa batho hore" ba na le "boemo bo botle" mme ba ka batla kalafo. "
- Khatiso ea Press e ka bonoa setsing sa WHO Mona. Bakeng sa bonolo, re e hlahisitse ka botlalo mona ka tlase.
- Phatlalatso ea ICD-11 e bua ka ho tlatsetsoa ha papali e le lefu la kelello, le hore na ho se tsotellehe ho kopanela liphate hona joale ho arotsoe.
- E joalo u se ke ua bua ngoe e fumanoang e ncha: "Mathata a boitšoaro bo hlephileng ba ho kopanela liphate"E hlahang ho" Mathata a ho laola maikutlo ".
- "Laola Lintlha”Tlasa tlhahlobo ka 'ngoe e kenyelletsa polelo ena: "Tsamaiso ea khoutu bakeng sa MMS ea ICD-11 e tsitsitse."
- Mona ke mongolo oa ho qetela oa "Boloetse ba ho kopanela liphate ka ho qobella" ho hlahlojoa:
tepelletse maikutlong
Ho kula ha boitšoaro bo hlephileng ba ho kopanela liphate [6C72], qetellong ho fana ka litsebi tsa tlhokomelo ea bophelo bo botle, ho bonahatsa hore o na le bothata ba ho laola boitšoaro ba thobalano ho sa tsotellehe liphello tse mpe. Ha e le hantle ts'ebetsong ea likhoka tse ncha li fapana hohle, empa ntho ea bohlokoa ke hore litsebi tsa bophelo bo botle ba lefats'e li lumellane hore boitšoaro bo bobe ba ho kopanela liphate bo tšoanela ho fumanoa. Ke lentsoe la sekhele le selelele le ka sebelisoang ho mang kapa mang ea finyelloang. "Boitšoaro bo hlephileng ba ho kopanela liphate" hape bo "bitsoa ho lemalla ho kopanela liphate kapa bosodoma" ho ea ka setsebi sa lingaka Jon E. Grant, JD, MD, MPH ka Psychiatry ea joale (February 2018: p.3). Tlhahlobo e ncha ea CSBD e ka boela ea sebelisetsoa ho hlahloba ba nang le litšoantšo tse manyala tse hlephisang boitšoaro tsa Inthanete matšoao a amanang le ho sebelisoa.
Ho feta 80% ea batho ba nang le boitšoaro bo bobe ba ho kopanela liphate, ba tlaleha ho sebelisa litšoantšo tse manyala tse hlephisang boitšoaro ka ho feteletseng kapa mathata.
"Ts'ebeliso e nang le bothata ba litšoantšo tse manyala tse hlephisang boitšoaro e kanna ea emela ponahatso e hlahelletseng ea bosodoma (eo hape e tsejoang e le ho qobella batho ho kopanela liphate, ho lemalla thobalano kapa boitšoaro bo feteletseng ba thobalano lingoliloeng - Kafka, 2010; Karila et al., 2014; Wéry & Billieux, 2017) hobane lithutong tse 'maloa batho ba fetang 80% ba nang le bosodoma ba tlalehile ts'ebeliso e fetelletseng / e nang le bothata ea litšoantšo tsa bootsoa (Kafka, 2010; Reid et al., 2012) ”. (Bőthe et al. 2018: 2)
Libuka tsa ho hlahloba joaloka tsa WHO Kemiso ea Machaba ea Maloetse (ICD-11) le Mokhatlo oa American Psychiatry Association Buka ea ho hlahloba le ea ho hlahloba litlhahlobo tsa Bophelo ba kelello (DSM-5) se ke oa bitsa maemo a bophelo bo botle ba kelello e le "Lithethefatsi" ka se. Ba khetha ho sebelisa lentsoe “Mathata.”
"Boits'oaro ba ho kopanela liphate ho qobella" ho fumanoa ke mokhoa oa ho hlōleha ho laola litakatso tse matla, tsa thobalano kapa litakatso, tse hlahisang boitšoaro bo bocha ba ho kopanela liphate ka nako e telele (mohlala, likhoeli tsa 6 kapa ho feta).
Ho etsa hore ho be le bothata ba ho kopanela liphate ka ho kopanela liphate
Bahlahlobisisi ba pele ba ne ba tšoenyehile ka hore tlhahlobo efe kapa efe ea semolao e tla sebelisoa ho tšoaetsa batho ba fokolang thobalano le mekhoa e meng ea thobalano. Leha ho le joalo, ho fihlela mekhoa ea tlhatlhobo ea CSBD, boits'oaro bo nang le mathata bo tlameha ho baka khatello ea maikutlo e sa khaotseng kapa ho senyeha ho hoholo bathong, lelapeng, sechabeng, thutong, mosebetsing kapa libakeng tse ling tsa bohlokoa tsa ts'ebetso. Ka mantsoe a mang, tlhahlobo e ncha ha e fumane bakuli ba ipapisitse le eng boitšoaro bo bobe ba ho kopanela liphate ba kenang ka bolokolohi. E hlahloba bakuli ba itšetlehileng ka bothata bo sa khaotseng le mahlomola. Haeba boitšoaro bo bobe ba ho kopanela liphate, mofuta leha e le ofe o sebetsang, ha bo hlahise, lefu lena le lecha le ke ke la sebetsa.
Bahlahlobisisi ba bang ba ile ba lemosa hore ho hlahlojoa ha CSBD ho ka fella ka ho hlahlojoa ka phoso ke bakuli bao boitšoaro ba bona bo neng bo sa ikemiselitse, le bao khatello ea bona e neng e bakoa ke kahlolo ea boitšoaro ka mokuli kapa setsebi. Ho thibela liphello tse joalo, ts'oaetso e ncha e fana ka hore, "Matšoenyeho a amanang ka ho feletseng le mehlolo ea boitšoaro le ho sa amohele maikutlo a ho kopanela liphate, ho phehella, kapa boitšoaro ha boa lekaneng." Ka mantsoe a mang, mokuli ha e le hantle a ke ke a khona ho laola maikutlo 'me a be ho kopanela boitšoarong bo bobe ba ho kopanela liphate bo fetohileng bothata.
Phehisano ea Li-Diagnostic Manuals
Ho bile le liphapang tse ngata tse lebisang ho phatlalatso ea lenane le lecha ho ICD-11. Lefu la boitšoaro bo hlephileng ba ho kopanela liphate (ho boleloang ka mokhoa o lekanang le lefu la hypersexual) le ne le nkoa e le ho kenngoa DSM-5 empa qetellong lea lefshoa. Ho ea ka bo-rasaense ba etellang pele litsebi tsa meriana, "ho khetholloa hona ho sitisitse thibelo, lipatlisiso le boiteko ba kalafo, 'me ba siea lingaka ntle le hore ba fumanoe ba le tlas'a khatello ea boitšoaro ba ho kopanela liphate." (Potenza et al. 2017)
Hona joale, karolo ea motsoali ea ts'oaetso ea CSBD e ncha ke Impulse Control Disorders, e kenyelletsang lits'oaetso tse kang Pyromania [6C70], Kleptomania [6C71] le Intermittent Explosive Disorder [6C73]. Leha ho le joalo lipelaelo li ntse li le teng ka sehlopha se loketseng. Joale, e leng Yale, ea nang le kelello ea lintho tsa lefutso, e leng Marc Potenza MD, PhD le Mateusz Gola PhD, mofuputsi oa Poland Academy of Sciences le Univesithi ea California San Diego, o re, "Ts'ebetso ea morao-rao ea ho khetholla boloetse ba CSB e le khatello ea ho laola maikutlo ke ho ngangisana le mekhoa e meng. e hlahisitsoeng ... Ho na le dintlha tse bontšang hore CSB e arolelana likarolo tse ngata le lithethefatsi. "(Kraus et al 2018)
Ho kanna ha ba bohlokoa ho hlokomela hore ICD-11 e kenyelletsa tlhahlobo ea Bothata ba ho becha tlasa Mathata ka bobeli ka lebaka la Likhathatso tse lemalloang le tlasa Impulse Control Disorder. Ka hona, ho arola mathata ka mekhahlelo ha ho hlokahale hore e be ho ikopanya ka linako tsohle (Bőthe et al. 2018: 2). Kemiso e ka fetoha le nako. Bothata ba papali ea chelete bo qaliloe e le bothata ba tšusumetso ho DSM-IV le ICD-10, empa e ipapisitse le tsoelo-pele ea kutlwisiso e matla, Gambling Disorder e se e hlophisitsoe hape e le "Mathata a Amanang le Thibelo ea Lithethefatsi" (DSM-5) le "Ho Ferekana ka lebaka la Boitšoaro bo Bokoali" (ICD-11). Ho ka etsahala hore tlhahlobo ena e ncha ea CSBD e ka latela tsela e ts'oanang ea nts'etsopele joalo ka Bothata ba Ho becha.
Ho sa tsotellehe hore na puisano ena e fetoha joang ha nako e ntse e ea, ho kenngoa ha CSBD ho ICD-11 hona joale ho fana ka tlhokomelo e amohelehang le e hlokahalang ea hore ho na le batho ba hlokang ho kenella ka katleho ho ba thusa ho ntlafatsa boitšoaro ba bona ba thobalano le liphello tsa bona. E tla boela e tsamaise lipatlisiso tse ngata tsa nakong e tlang mabapi le boitšoaro bo hlephileng ba thobalano.
“Ho ka ba bohlokoa ho sheba hore na DSM le International Classification of Diseases (ICD) li sebetsa joang mabapi le litlhaloso le mekhahlelo ea tlhophiso. Ka ho etsa joalo, re nahana hore ho bohlokoa ho tsepamisa mohopolo bothateng ba papali ea chelete (e tsejoang hape e le papali ea chelete ea papali ea chelete) le hore na e ne e nkuoa joang ho DSM-IV le DSM-5 (hammoho le ICD-10 le ICD-11 e tlang). Ho DSM-IV, papali ea chelete ea papali ea chelete e ile ea beoa e le "Impulse-Control Disorder Eseng Sebakeng se Eketsehileng." Ho DSM-5, e ile ea hlophisoa bocha e le "Mathata a Amanang le Ts'ebeliso ea Lintho."…. "Mokhoa o ts'oanang o lokela ho sebelisoa ho CSB, eo hajoale e ntseng e nkuoa e le ho kenyeletsoa e le bothata ba ho laola maikutlo ho ICD-11 (Grant et al., 2014;; Kraus et al., 2018) ". Litlhaloso tsena li nkiloe ho Gola le Potenza 2018.
Treatment
Ka morao ho Mokhatlo oa Lefatše oa Bophelo (WHO) e khethollang boloetse ba papali le CSBD e le maemo a bophelo ba kelello, a tlaleha ho Guardian koranta o ile a bolela hore sepetlele sa London se itokiselitse ho qala setsi sa pele sa National Health Service-setsi sa tšebeliso ea lithethefatsi sa lichelete bakeng sa bacha le batho ba baholo. Lingaka tsa ho kopanela liphate sebakeng se seng se bone ho eketseha ha bareki ba bacha ba qobellang ho sebelisa lits'ebetso tsa ho intša le likamore tsa puisano tsa inthanete, le mathata a bophelo bo botle ba kelello ka lebaka la seo.
Ho ea ka PhD ea Mateusz Gola, mofuputsi oa Poland Academy of Sciences le Univesithi ea California San Diego, ho hlahlojoa ha CSBD e ncha ho na le melemo e meng hape. "E fana ka lintlha tse hlakileng tsa ho hlahloba. Ho feta moo, litsebi tsa mafu a kelello le tsa mafu a kelello li koetlisong hona joale li tla ithuta bothata bona. Ntle le ho hlahlojoa ha li-CSBD, lingaka tse ngata li ne li sa tsejoe ka litaba tsa boitšoaro bo hlephileng ba ho kopanela liphate. Qetellong, sena se ka etsa hore bakuli ba eketsehileng ba fumane phekolo e entsoeng ke inshorense. "Gola o phaella ka hore, ts'oaetso e ncha," ha e rarolle bothata ba ho tšoara CSBD ka katleho, empa e lumella lithuto tse tsitsitseng, tse ka lebisang ho mekhoa e tiileng, e ka tšeptjoang. "
Ho Fumana Mokuli ho Eketseha
Shane W. Kraus, Ph.D. Motlatsi oa Moprofesa oa Psychiatry le Motsamaisi oa Tleliniki ea Boitšoaro ba Boitšoaro Sepetleleng sa Veterans sa Edith Nourse Rogers Memorial, Sekolong sa Bongaka sa Univesithi ea Massachusetts o itse mabapi le sehlopha se secha sa ho hlahloba: “Ona ke mohato oa pele o nepahetseng. Ho kenyelletsoa ha CSBD ho ICD-11 ho kanna ha eketsa phihlello ea ho hlokomela bakuli (machabeng le kahare ho US). Ntle le moo, kenyelletso e tla eketsa le chelete ea lipatlisiso e neng e tsepamisitse nalane holima mathata a fumanoang a bophelo bo botle ba kelello. Ho feta moo, ke nahana hore e ka fokotsa sekhobo ho batho ba anngoeng le ho eketsa thuto ea bafani ka taba ena. ”
Koetliso ea Boetlha ba Bophelo
Sepheo se hlalositsoeng sa morao tjena ICD-11 e lokolloa ke ho lumella linaha hore li koetlise litsebi tsa bophelo bo botle mananeong a buka eo. Bafuputsi ba boetse ba phehella hore litsebi tsa litsebi le baeletsi ba koetlisoe le ho utloisisa hamolemo litloaelo tsa ho kopanela liphate:
“Ho bohlokoa hape hore bafani ba tlhokomelo (ke hore, lingaka le baeletsi) bao batho ba ka batlang thuso ho bona ba tloaelane le li-CSB. Nakong ea lithuto tsa rona tse amang litaba tse fetang 3,000 tse batlang kalafo bakeng sa CSB, re utloile khafetsa hore batho ba nang le CSB ba kopana le litšitiso tse ngata nakong ea ha ba batla thuso kapa ba kopana le lingaka (Dhuffar le Griffiths, 2016). Bakuli ba tlaleha hore lingaka li ka 'na tsa qoba sehlooho, tsa bolela hore mathata a joalo ha a eo, kapa ho fana ka maikutlo a hore motho o na le matla a phahameng a ho kopanela liphate,' me o lokela ho e amohela ho e-na le ho phekola (ho sa tsotellehe seo, batho ba CSB ba ka 'na ba ikutloa ba le mahlahahlaha a bile ba etella pele ho liphello tse mpe tse ngata). Re lumela hore litekanyetso tse hlalositsoeng hantle bakeng sa khatello ea CSB li tla khothaletsa boiteko ba thuto ho kenyeletsa nts'etsopele ea mananeo a koetliso mabapi le ho hlahloba le ho tšoara batho ba nang le matšoao a boloetse ba CSB. Re tšepa hore manane a joalo a tla fetoha karolo ea koetliso ea bongaka bakeng sa litsebi tsa kelello, litsebi tsa mafu a kelello, le bafani ba bang ba litšebeletso tsa tlhokomelo ea bophelo ba kelello, hammoho le bafani ba bang ba tlhokomelong, ho akarelletsa le bafani ba tlhokomelo ea mantlha, joaloka lingaka tsa kakaretso. "(Kraus et al 2018)
Motheo oa Moputso
The Motheo oa Moputso ke mokhatlo oa thuto oa bopula-maliboho o etsang hore mahlale a thobalano le lerato a fihlellehe ho bamameli ba bangata. Re tsepamisitse maikutlo ho litlamorao tsa litšoantšo tse manyala tse hlephisang boitšoaro tsa inthanete ho bacha le ho batho ba baholo. Re ngolisitsoe ka molao ke Royal College of General Practitioners e London ho tsamaisa lithupelo tsa matsatsi a 1 bakeng sa litsebi ka litlamorao tsa litšoantšo tse manyala tse hlephisang boitšoaro tsa inthanete bophelong ba kelello le ba mmele. Sena se ts'ehetsa sepheo sa Mokhatlo oa Lefatše oa Bophelo oo phatlalatso ea ona ka tlase e hatisang tlhoko ea koetliso har'a litsebi. Re boetse re ruta likolong mme re tla be re fana ka meralo ea lithuto le koetliso bakeng sa matichere hamorao selemong sena. Re fana ka lits'ebeletso tsa boeletsi ho mekhatlo e lakatsang ho theha mananeo a tlhokomeliso ea litšoantšo tsa bootsoa.
Bakeng sa lipuisano kapa boitsebiso bo eketsehileng ho kopanyelletsa le likopi tse feletseng tsa mehloli e boletsoeng, ka kopo ikopanye [imeile e sirelelitsoe].
FOOTNOTE
Tlaleho e feletseng ea ICD-11 Press Release.
WHO e lokolla Mefuta ea Machaba ea Maloetse (ICD 11) 18 June 2018 News Release Geneva
Mokhatlo oa Lefatše oa Bophelo (WHO) o lokolla Lenane la Machaba la Machaba oa Maloetse (ICD-11).
ICD ke motheo oa ho khetholla mekhoa ea bophelo bo botle le lipalo-palo lefatšeng ka bophara, 'me e na le likhoutu tse ikhethang tse ka bang 55 000 tsa likotsi, maloetse le lisosa tsa lefu. E fana ka puo e tloaelehileng e lumellang litsebi tsa bophelo bo botle ho arolelana leseli la bophelo bo botle lefats'eng ka bophara.
"ICD ke sehlahisoa seo WHO e hlileng e leng motlotlo ka sona," ho bolela Dr Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, Mookameli oa WHO. "E re nolofalletsa ho utloisisa haholo ka se etsang hore batho ba kula mme ba shoe, le ho nka bohato ho thibela mahlomola le ho boloka bophelo."
ICD-11, e seng e fetile lilemo tse leshome e ntse e etsoa, e fana ka lintlafatso tse kholo liphetolelong tse fetileng. Ka lekhetlo la pele, e entsoe ka elektroniki ka botlalo ebile e na le fomate e bonolo haholoanyane ea ts'ebeliso. Mme ho bile le ho nka karolo ho e-s'o ka ho bonoa ha basebeletsi ba tlhokomelo ea bophelo ba keneng libokeng tsa tšebelisano 'moho le ho fana ka litlhahiso. Sehlopha sa ICD ntlo-kholo ea WHO se amohetse litlhahiso tse fetang 10 000 bakeng sa ntlafatso.
ICD-11 e tla hlahisoa Mokhatlo oa Lefatše oa Bophelo ka May 2019 bakeng sa ho amoheloa ke Litho tsa Litho, 'me e tla sebetsa ka 1 January 2022. Phallo ena ke ponelopele esale pele e tla lumella linaha ho rera ho sebelisa mokhoa ona o mocha, lokisetsa liphetolelo, le ho koetlisa litsebi tsa bophelo bo botle naheng eohle.
ICD e boetse e sebelisoa ke li-insurers tsa bophelo bo botle ba tsona bo itšetlehileng ka khokahano ea ICD; baokameli ba lenane la bophelo ba naha; litsebi tsa pokello ea boitsebiso; le ba bang ba bonang tsoelo-pele ea bophelo bo botle ba lefatše 'me ba lekanyetsa ho aroloa ha mehloli ea bophelo.
ICD-11 e ncha e boetse e bona tsoelo-pele ea meriana le tsoelo-pele ea kutloisiso ea saense. Ka mohlala, lintlha tse amanang le ho thibela likokoana-hloko li haufi haholo le tsamaiso ea Lekala la ho Hanyetsa Likokoana-hloko tsa Global Antimicrobial (GLASS). ICD-11 e boetse e khona ho hapa litlhaloso mabapi le polokeho ea tlhokomelo ea tlhokomelo ea bophelo, e leng se bolelang hore liketsahalo tse sa hlokahaleng tse ka lematsang bophelo - tse kang mosebetsi o sa sireletsehang lipetlele - li ka tsejoa hape li fokotseha.
ICD e ncha e boetse e na le likhaolo tse ncha, e 'ngoe merianeng ea setso: le hoja batho ba limilione ba sebelisa meriana ea setso lefatšeng ka bophara, ha e e-s'o behoe tsamaisong ena. Khaolo e 'ngoe e ncha mabapi le bophelo bo botle ba botona le botšehali e kopanya maemo ao pele a neng a arotsoe ka litsela tse ling (mohlala, ho itšoara ha basali ho thathamisitsoe tlas'a maemo a bophelo bo botle ba kelello) kapa ho hlalosoa ka tsela e fapaneng. Mathata a lipapali a ekelitsoe karolong ea mathata a lemalang.
"Molao-motheo o ka sehloohong oa phetoho ena e ne e le ho nolofatsa mohaho oa khokahano le thepa ea elektronike-sena se tla lumella litsebi tsa tlhokomelo ea bophelo bo botle hore li hlahise maemo a bonolo le ho feletseng," ho bolela Dr. Robert Jakob, Moeta-pele oa Sehlopha, Litlhaloso tsa Boitsebiso le Litekanyetso, WHO.
Dr. Lubna Alansari, Motlatsi-Motlatsi oa Motlatsi oa Bophelo le Tekanyo ea Mantsoe ea WHO, o re: "ICD ke lejoe la sekhutlo la tlhahisoleseding ea bophelo bo botle 'me ICD-11 e tla fana ka pono ea morao-rao ea mekhoa ea mafu."
